DoxigAlpha

HashMap

General purpose hash table. No order is guaranteed and any modification invalidates live iterators. It provides fast operations (lookup, insertion, deletion) with quite high load factors (up to 80% by default) for low memory usage. For a hash map that can be initialized directly that does not store an Allocator field, see HashMapUnmanaged. If iterating over the table entries is a strong usecase and needs to be fast, prefer the alternative std.ArrayHashMap. Context must be a struct type with two member functions: hash(self, K) u64 eql(self, K, K) bool Adapted variants of many functions are provided. These variants take a pseudo key instead of a key. Their context must have the functions: hash(self, PseudoKey) u64 eql(self, PseudoKey, K) bool

Fields of this type

Fields

#
ctx:Context

Create a managed hash map with an empty context.

Functions

#
init
Create a managed hash map with an empty context.
initContext
Create a managed hash map with a context
lockPointers
Puts the hash map into a state where any method call that would
unlockPointers
Undoes a call to `lockPointers`.
deinit
Release the backing array and invalidate this map.
clearRetainingCapacity
Empty the map, but keep the backing allocation for future use.
clearAndFree
Empty the map and release the backing allocation.
count
Return the number of items in the map.
iterator
Create an iterator over the entries in the map.
keyIterator
Create an iterator over the keys in the map.
valueIterator
Create an iterator over the values in the map.
getOrPut
If key exists this function cannot fail.
getOrPutAdapted
If key exists this function cannot fail.
getOrPutAssumeCapacity
If there is an existing item with `key`, then the result's
getOrPutAssumeCapacityAdapted
If there is an existing item with `key`, then the result's
ensureTotalCapacity
Increases capacity, guaranteeing that insertions up until the
ensureUnusedCapacity
Increases capacity, guaranteeing that insertions up until
capacity
Returns the number of total elements which may be present before it is
put
Clobbers any existing data.
putNoClobber
Inserts a key-value pair into the hash map, asserting that no previous
putAssumeCapacity
Asserts there is enough capacity to store the new key-value pair.
putAssumeCapacityNoClobber
Asserts there is enough capacity to store the new key-value pair.
fetchPut
Inserts a new `Entry` into the hash map, returning the previous one, if any.
fetchPutAssumeCapacity
Inserts a new `Entry` into the hash map, returning the previous one, if any.
fetchRemove
Removes a value from the map and returns the removed kv pair.
get
Finds the value associated with a key in the map
getKey
Finds the actual key associated with an adapted key in the map
getEntry
Finds the key and value associated with a key in the map
contains
Check if the map contains a key
remove
If there is an `Entry` with a matching key, it is deleted from
removeAdapted
TODO: answer the question in these doc comments, does this
removeByPtr
Delete the entry with key pointed to by key_ptr from the hash map.
clone
Creates a copy of this map, using the same allocator
cloneWithAllocator
Creates a copy of this map, using a specified allocator
cloneWithContext
Creates a copy of this map, using a specified context
cloneWithAllocatorAndContext
Creates a copy of this map, using a specified allocator and context.
move
Set the map to an empty state, making deinitialization a no-op, and
rehash
Rehash the map, in-place.

An entry, containing pointers to a key and value stored in the map

Values

#
Entry
An entry, containing pointers to a key and value stored in the map
KV
A copy of a key and value which are no longer in the map
Hash
The integer type that is the result of hashing
Iterator
The iterator type returned by iterator()
KeyIterator
= Unmanaged.KeyIterator
ValueIterator
= Unmanaged.ValueIterator
Size
The integer type used to store the size of the map
GetOrPutResult
The type returned from getOrPut and variants

Source

Implementation

#
pub fn HashMap(
    comptime K: type,
    comptime V: type,
    comptime Context: type,
    comptime max_load_percentage: u64,
) type {
    return struct {
        unmanaged: Unmanaged,
        allocator: Allocator,
        ctx: Context,

        /// The type of the unmanaged hash map underlying this wrapper
        pub const Unmanaged = HashMapUnmanaged(K, V, Context, max_load_percentage);
        /// An entry, containing pointers to a key and value stored in the map
        pub const Entry = Unmanaged.Entry;
        /// A copy of a key and value which are no longer in the map
        pub const KV = Unmanaged.KV;
        /// The integer type that is the result of hashing
        pub const Hash = Unmanaged.Hash;
        /// The iterator type returned by iterator()
        pub const Iterator = Unmanaged.Iterator;

        pub const KeyIterator = Unmanaged.KeyIterator;
        pub const ValueIterator = Unmanaged.ValueIterator;

        /// The integer type used to store the size of the map
        pub const Size = Unmanaged.Size;
        /// The type returned from getOrPut and variants
        pub const GetOrPutResult = Unmanaged.GetOrPutResult;

        const Self = @This();

        /// Create a managed hash map with an empty context.
        /// If the context is not zero-sized, you must use
        /// initContext(allocator, ctx) instead.
        pub fn init(allocator: Allocator) Self {
            if (@sizeOf(Context) != 0) {
                @compileError("Context must be specified! Call initContext(allocator, ctx) instead.");
            }
            return .{
                .unmanaged = .empty,
                .allocator = allocator,
                .ctx = undefined, // ctx is zero-sized so this is safe.
            };
        }

        /// Create a managed hash map with a context
        pub fn initContext(allocator: Allocator, ctx: Context) Self {
            return .{
                .unmanaged = .empty,
                .allocator = allocator,
                .ctx = ctx,
            };
        }

        /// Puts the hash map into a state where any method call that would
        /// cause an existing key or value pointer to become invalidated will
        /// instead trigger an assertion.
        ///
        /// An additional call to `lockPointers` in such state also triggers an
        /// assertion.
        ///
        /// `unlockPointers` returns the hash map to the previous state.
        pub fn lockPointers(self: *Self) void {
            self.unmanaged.lockPointers();
        }

        /// Undoes a call to `lockPointers`.
        pub fn unlockPointers(self: *Self) void {
            self.unmanaged.unlockPointers();
        }

        /// Release the backing array and invalidate this map.
        /// This does *not* deinit keys, values, or the context!
        /// If your keys or values need to be released, ensure
        /// that that is done before calling this function.
        pub fn deinit(self: *Self) void {
            self.unmanaged.deinit(self.allocator);
            self.* = undefined;
        }

        /// Empty the map, but keep the backing allocation for future use.
        /// This does *not* free keys or values! Be sure to
        /// release them if they need deinitialization before
        /// calling this function.
        pub fn clearRetainingCapacity(self: *Self) void {
            return self.unmanaged.clearRetainingCapacity();
        }

        /// Empty the map and release the backing allocation.
        /// This does *not* free keys or values! Be sure to
        /// release them if they need deinitialization before
        /// calling this function.
        pub fn clearAndFree(self: *Self) void {
            return self.unmanaged.clearAndFree(self.allocator);
        }

        /// Return the number of items in the map.
        pub fn count(self: Self) Size {
            return self.unmanaged.count();
        }

        /// Create an iterator over the entries in the map.
        /// The iterator is invalidated if the map is modified.
        pub fn iterator(self: *const Self) Iterator {
            return self.unmanaged.iterator();
        }

        /// Create an iterator over the keys in the map.
        /// The iterator is invalidated if the map is modified.
        pub fn keyIterator(self: Self) KeyIterator {
            return self.unmanaged.keyIterator();
        }

        /// Create an iterator over the values in the map.
        /// The iterator is invalidated if the map is modified.
        pub fn valueIterator(self: Self) ValueIterator {
            return self.unmanaged.valueIterator();
        }

        /// If key exists this function cannot fail.
        /// If there is an existing item with `key`, then the result's
        /// `Entry` pointers point to it, and found_existing is true.
        /// Otherwise, puts a new item with undefined value, and
        /// the `Entry` pointers point to it. Caller should then initialize
        /// the value (but not the key).
        pub fn getOrPut(self: *Self, key: K) Allocator.Error!GetOrPutResult {
            return self.unmanaged.getOrPutContext(self.allocator, key, self.ctx);
        }

        /// If key exists this function cannot fail.
        /// If there is an existing item with `key`, then the result's
        /// `Entry` pointers point to it, and found_existing is true.
        /// Otherwise, puts a new item with undefined key and value, and
        /// the `Entry` pointers point to it. Caller must then initialize
        /// the key and value.
        pub fn getOrPutAdapted(self: *Self, key: anytype, ctx: anytype) Allocator.Error!GetOrPutResult {
            return self.unmanaged.getOrPutContextAdapted(self.allocator, key, ctx, self.ctx);
        }

        /// If there is an existing item with `key`, then the result's
        /// `Entry` pointers point to it, and found_existing is true.
        /// Otherwise, puts a new item with undefined value, and
        /// the `Entry` pointers point to it. Caller should then initialize
        /// the value (but not the key).
        /// If a new entry needs to be stored, this function asserts there
        /// is enough capacity to store it.
        pub fn getOrPutAssumeCapacity(self: *Self, key: K) GetOrPutResult {
            return self.unmanaged.getOrPutAssumeCapacityContext(key, self.ctx);
        }

        /// If there is an existing item with `key`, then the result's
        /// `Entry` pointers point to it, and found_existing is true.
        /// Otherwise, puts a new item with undefined value, and
        /// the `Entry` pointers point to it. Caller must then initialize
        /// the key and value.
        /// If a new entry needs to be stored, this function asserts there
        /// is enough capacity to store it.
        pub fn getOrPutAssumeCapacityAdapted(self: *Self, key: anytype, ctx: anytype) GetOrPutResult {
            return self.unmanaged.getOrPutAssumeCapacityAdapted(key, ctx);
        }

        pub fn getOrPutValue(self: *Self, key: K, value: V) Allocator.Error!Entry {
            return self.unmanaged.getOrPutValueContext(self.allocator, key, value, self.ctx);
        }

        /// Increases capacity, guaranteeing that insertions up until the
        /// `expected_count` will not cause an allocation, and therefore cannot fail.
        pub fn ensureTotalCapacity(self: *Self, expected_count: Size) Allocator.Error!void {
            return self.unmanaged.ensureTotalCapacityContext(self.allocator, expected_count, self.ctx);
        }

        /// Increases capacity, guaranteeing that insertions up until
        /// `additional_count` **more** items will not cause an allocation, and
        /// therefore cannot fail.
        pub fn ensureUnusedCapacity(self: *Self, additional_count: Size) Allocator.Error!void {
            return self.unmanaged.ensureUnusedCapacityContext(self.allocator, additional_count, self.ctx);
        }

        /// Returns the number of total elements which may be present before it is
        /// no longer guaranteed that no allocations will be performed.
        pub fn capacity(self: Self) Size {
            return self.unmanaged.capacity();
        }

        /// Clobbers any existing data. To detect if a put would clobber
        /// existing data, see `getOrPut`.
        pub fn put(self: *Self, key: K, value: V) Allocator.Error!void {
            return self.unmanaged.putContext(self.allocator, key, value, self.ctx);
        }

        /// Inserts a key-value pair into the hash map, asserting that no previous
        /// entry with the same key is already present
        pub fn putNoClobber(self: *Self, key: K, value: V) Allocator.Error!void {
            return self.unmanaged.putNoClobberContext(self.allocator, key, value, self.ctx);
        }

        /// Asserts there is enough capacity to store the new key-value pair.
        /// Clobbers any existing data. To detect if a put would clobber
        /// existing data, see `getOrPutAssumeCapacity`.
        pub fn putAssumeCapacity(self: *Self, key: K, value: V) void {
            return self.unmanaged.putAssumeCapacityContext(key, value, self.ctx);
        }

        /// Asserts there is enough capacity to store the new key-value pair.
        /// Asserts that it does not clobber any existing data.
        /// To detect if a put would clobber existing data, see `getOrPutAssumeCapacity`.
        pub fn putAssumeCapacityNoClobber(self: *Self, key: K, value: V) void {
            return self.unmanaged.putAssumeCapacityNoClobberContext(key, value, self.ctx);
        }

        /// Inserts a new `Entry` into the hash map, returning the previous one, if any.
        pub fn fetchPut(self: *Self, key: K, value: V) Allocator.Error!?KV {
            return self.unmanaged.fetchPutContext(self.allocator, key, value, self.ctx);
        }

        /// Inserts a new `Entry` into the hash map, returning the previous one, if any.
        /// If insertion happens, asserts there is enough capacity without allocating.
        pub fn fetchPutAssumeCapacity(self: *Self, key: K, value: V) ?KV {
            return self.unmanaged.fetchPutAssumeCapacityContext(key, value, self.ctx);
        }

        /// Removes a value from the map and returns the removed kv pair.
        pub fn fetchRemove(self: *Self, key: K) ?KV {
            return self.unmanaged.fetchRemoveContext(key, self.ctx);
        }

        pub fn fetchRemoveAdapted(self: *Self, key: anytype, ctx: anytype) ?KV {
            return self.unmanaged.fetchRemoveAdapted(key, ctx);
        }

        /// Finds the value associated with a key in the map
        pub fn get(self: Self, key: K) ?V {
            return self.unmanaged.getContext(key, self.ctx);
        }
        pub fn getAdapted(self: Self, key: anytype, ctx: anytype) ?V {
            return self.unmanaged.getAdapted(key, ctx);
        }

        pub fn getPtr(self: Self, key: K) ?*V {
            return self.unmanaged.getPtrContext(key, self.ctx);
        }
        pub fn getPtrAdapted(self: Self, key: anytype, ctx: anytype) ?*V {
            return self.unmanaged.getPtrAdapted(key, ctx);
        }

        /// Finds the actual key associated with an adapted key in the map
        pub fn getKey(self: Self, key: K) ?K {
            return self.unmanaged.getKeyContext(key, self.ctx);
        }
        pub fn getKeyAdapted(self: Self, key: anytype, ctx: anytype) ?K {
            return self.unmanaged.getKeyAdapted(key, ctx);
        }

        pub fn getKeyPtr(self: Self, key: K) ?*K {
            return self.unmanaged.getKeyPtrContext(key, self.ctx);
        }
        pub fn getKeyPtrAdapted(self: Self, key: anytype, ctx: anytype) ?*K {
            return self.unmanaged.getKeyPtrAdapted(key, ctx);
        }

        /// Finds the key and value associated with a key in the map
        pub fn getEntry(self: Self, key: K) ?Entry {
            return self.unmanaged.getEntryContext(key, self.ctx);
        }

        pub fn getEntryAdapted(self: Self, key: anytype, ctx: anytype) ?Entry {
            return self.unmanaged.getEntryAdapted(key, ctx);
        }

        /// Check if the map contains a key
        pub fn contains(self: Self, key: K) bool {
            return self.unmanaged.containsContext(key, self.ctx);
        }

        pub fn containsAdapted(self: Self, key: anytype, ctx: anytype) bool {
            return self.unmanaged.containsAdapted(key, ctx);
        }

        /// If there is an `Entry` with a matching key, it is deleted from
        /// the hash map, and this function returns true.  Otherwise this
        /// function returns false.
        ///
        /// TODO: answer the question in these doc comments, does this
        /// increase the unused capacity by one?
        pub fn remove(self: *Self, key: K) bool {
            return self.unmanaged.removeContext(key, self.ctx);
        }

        /// TODO: answer the question in these doc comments, does this
        /// increase the unused capacity by one?
        pub fn removeAdapted(self: *Self, key: anytype, ctx: anytype) bool {
            return self.unmanaged.removeAdapted(key, ctx);
        }

        /// Delete the entry with key pointed to by key_ptr from the hash map.
        /// key_ptr is assumed to be a valid pointer to a key that is present
        /// in the hash map.
        ///
        /// TODO: answer the question in these doc comments, does this
        /// increase the unused capacity by one?
        pub fn removeByPtr(self: *Self, key_ptr: *K) void {
            self.unmanaged.removeByPtr(key_ptr);
        }

        /// Creates a copy of this map, using the same allocator
        pub fn clone(self: Self) Allocator.Error!Self {
            var other = try self.unmanaged.cloneContext(self.allocator, self.ctx);
            return other.promoteContext(self.allocator, self.ctx);
        }

        /// Creates a copy of this map, using a specified allocator
        pub fn cloneWithAllocator(self: Self, new_allocator: Allocator) Allocator.Error!Self {
            var other = try self.unmanaged.cloneContext(new_allocator, self.ctx);
            return other.promoteContext(new_allocator, self.ctx);
        }

        /// Creates a copy of this map, using a specified context
        pub fn cloneWithContext(self: Self, new_ctx: anytype) Allocator.Error!HashMap(K, V, @TypeOf(new_ctx), max_load_percentage) {
            var other = try self.unmanaged.cloneContext(self.allocator, new_ctx);
            return other.promoteContext(self.allocator, new_ctx);
        }

        /// Creates a copy of this map, using a specified allocator and context.
        pub fn cloneWithAllocatorAndContext(
            self: Self,
            new_allocator: Allocator,
            new_ctx: anytype,
        ) Allocator.Error!HashMap(K, V, @TypeOf(new_ctx), max_load_percentage) {
            var other = try self.unmanaged.cloneContext(new_allocator, new_ctx);
            return other.promoteContext(new_allocator, new_ctx);
        }

        /// Set the map to an empty state, making deinitialization a no-op, and
        /// returning a copy of the original.
        pub fn move(self: *Self) Self {
            self.unmanaged.pointer_stability.assertUnlocked();
            const result = self.*;
            self.unmanaged = .empty;
            return result;
        }

        /// Rehash the map, in-place.
        ///
        /// Over time, due to the current tombstone-based implementation, a
        /// HashMap could become fragmented due to the buildup of tombstone
        /// entries that causes a performance degradation due to excessive
        /// probing. The kind of pattern that might cause this is a long-lived
        /// HashMap with repeated inserts and deletes.
        ///
        /// After this function is called, there will be no tombstones in
        /// the HashMap, each of the entries is rehashed and any existing
        /// key/value pointers into the HashMap are invalidated.
        pub fn rehash(self: *Self) void {
            self.unmanaged.rehash(self.ctx);
        }
    };
}